The reign of monarchs such as Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, and their successors saw the country undergo religious upheaval with the English Reformation, the expansion of overseas exploration and Gambling Data Turkey colonization, and a flourishing of arts and culture known as the Renaissance. The Tudor era laid the groundwork for Britain's emergence as a global power and established the foundation for the modern British monarchy. The Stuart Period and the English Civil War .
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The Stuart period, encompassing the 17th century, was a turbulent time in British history characterized by political unrest, religious conflicts, and social upheaval. The reign of monarchs such as James I, Charles I, and Charles II saw the country grapple with issues of royal authority, parliamentary power, and religious tolerance. The English Civil War, fought between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians, resulted in the execution of King Charles I and the establishment of a brief republic under Oliver Cromwell.